Wednesday, February 27, 2013

Software Development Tops Security Pros' List of ... - IT Business Edge

What keeps security pros up at night? Software development ? or at least the lack of security involved, according to a new study.

Respondents to the sixth Global Information Security Workforce Study, conducted by (ISC)?, ? the non-profit organization that administers the Certified Information Systems Security Professional?(CISSP) certification, ranked secure software development as their greatest worry.

That squares with the prediction of Avivah Litan, an analyst at Gartner Research, who expects that one in four DDoS attacks will be application based, as my colleague Sue Marquette Poremba has written.

In the (ISC)? survey of more than 12,000 security pros worldwide, only 12 percent said they were personally involved in software development, 20 percent in procurement, and just 10 percent were involved with outsourcing.

Malware and mobile device vulnerabilities are close behind as major worries; security concern is high for BYOD and cloud computing as well.

Meanwhile, just 28 percent said their organizations can remediate from a targeted attack within one day.

Other findings:

  • 52 percent of respondents believe there is a workforce shortage, compared to 2 percent that believe there is a surplus.
  • 80 percent of respondents did not change employers last year.
  • Location matters. 79 percent of security pros in developed countries in the Americas average salaries of US$80,000 or more, whereas only 12 percent of respondents in Asia-Pacific developing countries do.
  • They rated broad understanding of the security field as the most important factor to career success, followed by communication skills.
  • Nearly 70 percent view certification as a reliable indicator of competency. (Critics of Defense Department cybersecurity training surely disagree.)

"Now, more than ever before, we?re seeing an economic ripple effect occurring across the globe as a result of the dire shortage of qualified information security professionals we?ve been experiencing in recent years," said W. Hord Tipton, executive director of (ISC)?, in a statement.

In apparent reference to recent reports of cyber attacks against private U.S. corporations, Tipton added:

"More and more enterprises are being breached. We must focus on building a skilled and qualified security workforce that is equipped to handle today?s and tomorrow?s most sophisticated cyber threats."

Source: http://www.itbusinessedge.com/blogs/charting-your-it-career/software-development-tops-security-pros-list-of-concerns.html

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THE RESET: Obama counts down to gov't budget cuts

President Barack Obama addresses the National Governors Association, Monday, Feb. 25, 2013, in the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak)

President Barack Obama addresses the National Governors Association, Monday, Feb. 25, 2013, in the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak)

President Barack Obama addresses the National Governors Association in the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington, Monday, Feb. 25, 2013. (AP Photo/Charles Dharapak)

First lady Michelle Obama, appearing on screen from Washington, and actor Jack Nicholson present the award for best picture during the Oscars at the Dolby Theatre on Sunday Feb. 24, 2013, in Los Angeles. (Photo by Chris Pizzello/Invision/AP)

New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie joins other governors of the National Governors Association at the 2013 Governors? Dinner at the White House in Washington, Sunday, Feb. 24, 2013. (AP Photo/Susan Walsh)

Four days and counting. But who's counting? President Barack Obama for one.

That's how long before government-wide budget cuts begin to hit home that will slash spending by roughly $85 billion over the next seven months.

And more are on the way if Congress and the president can't figure out how to replace Friday's indiscriminate autopilot cuts ? called a "sequester" in government jargon ? with more targeted measures.

Obama told the nation's governors on Monday, "Unfortunately, in just four days Congress is poised to allow serious and arbitrary automatic budget cuts to kick in that will slow our economy, eliminate good jobs and leave a lot of folks who are already pretty thinly stretched scrambling to figure out what to do."

The two parties remain far apart. Obama insists on both spending cuts and higher tax revenue through trimming deductions and loopholes used mostly by the wealthy. Republicans see that as a tax increase and are balking.

So Democrats and Republicans are hurling accusations at each other as Congress returns from a nine-day recess and members begin to focus on the next manufactured fiscal deadline ? March 27, by which time lawmakers must pass legislation to keep the entire government operating.

Obama is painting as gloomy a picture as possible of the impending cuts, even though they represent a relatively small percentage of the government's $3.5 trillion budget.

Over the weekend, the White House put out lists of how the cuts would affect individual states.

Everybody hates the sequester ? former Federal Reserve Vice Chairman Alan Blinder jokes "that's Latin for 'cutting federal spending stupidly'" ? but nobody's yet figured how to make it go away.

And, actually, the cuts ? together with other deficit-reducing steps by Obama and Congress over the past year and a slowly recovering economy ? are contributing to an improvement in the government's budget picture.

For the first time in four years, the budget deficit is on course to sink below $1 trillion.

___

Follow Tom Raum on Twitter: http://www.twitter.com/tomraum

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/89ae8247abe8493fae24405546e9a1aa/Article_2013-02-25-US-The-Reset/id-bfe41756b526460b9860fa7188b389ea

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Tuesday, February 26, 2013

Home Depot leads Dow average higher

NEW YORK (AP) ? A jump in home sales and strong earnings from Home Depot helped the Dow claw back more than half of its losses from Monday. Improving consumer confidence also brought back buyers to the market.

The Dow Jones industrial average closed up 115.96 points, or 0.8 percent, to 13,900.13. The Dow fell 216 points the day before, its biggest drop in three months, on concern that the European debt crisis may flare up again. The index has moved 100 points or more on four out of the past five trading days.

The Standard & Poor's 500 index rose 9.09 points, or 0.6 percent, to 1,496.94. The Nasdaq composite was up 13.40 points, or 0.4 percent, at 3,129.65.

Home Depot, the biggest home improvement store chain in the country, jumped $3.64, or 5.7 percent, to $67.56 after reporting that its income rose 32 percent in the latest quarter thanks to strong U.S. sales and the cleanup that followed Superstorm Sandy. That made it the biggest gainer in the Dow, accounting for about 28 points, or about a quarter, of its advance.

"Companies on the whole, particularly U.S. companies, are doing well," Michael Mussio, a portfolio manager at FBB Capital, said.

Strong earnings from home improvement companies, such as Home Depot and Lowe's, which reported earnings Monday that beat Wall Street forecasts, compounded evidence that the U.S. housing market is maintaining its recovery, Mussio said. Also Tuesday, the government reported that sales of new homes jumped 16 percent last month to the highest level since July 2008.

The report boosted housing companies, which led the S&P 500 higher. PulteGroup rose $1.03, or 5.7 percent, to $19.05, edging out Home Depot as the biggest gainer in the index. D.R. Horton advanced 88 cents, or 4.12 percent, to $22.25 and Lennar Corp. rose $1.35, or 3.7 percent, to $38.01.

The rebounding housing sector has been an important factor behind a rally that pushed the Dow above 14,000 last week, close to its record high close of 14,164 reached in October 2007. The Dow is still up 6 percent this year, even after Monday's sell-off. The S&P 500 is up 5 percent.

Also Tuesday, a measure of consumer confidence rose sharply, reversing three months of declines, as shoppers began adjusting to a payroll tax hike last month.

Investors closely watched testimony by Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke. The Fed chairman said that the automatic government spending cuts due to take effect Friday would put a drag on the economy. He urged lawmakers and the White House to replace the cuts with longer-term policies to reduce the budget deficit.

Investors shouldn't be dissuaded from buying stocks by any flare-up in Europe's economic troubles, says Hans Olsen, a strategist at Barclays. The strategist says stocks should have a good year thanks to earnings growth and a pickup in corporate dealmaking.

Deals have accelerated sharply in the last three months and have involved household names including Heinz, Dell and American Airlines. Some of the acquired companies soared 20 percent or more when the deals are announced.

It's not yet clear how the recent see-saw in the market will affect investors. Individual investors have been creeping back into stocks since the start of this year, but the swings might yet unnerve them.

"The gyrations worry them, it scares them, even though the market is up," says Gabriel Fancher, an adviser at the Financial Group, a financial planner. "The market seems out of people's hands these days."

Tuesday's good news about the economy in the U.S. helped investors turn their focus away from Europe.

While U.S. market rose, European markets fell again as investors worried about Italy's political situation. The country is facing political gridlock after elections left Parliament with no clear-cut winner.

U.S. stocks slumped Monday after election results in Italy showed a race too close to call. That left investors fearful that the country, the euro region's third-largest, will struggle to form a government that can move forward with reforms to revive the economy, rekindling the region's debt crisis and worries over the viability of its shared currency, the euro.

Italy's main stock index dropped 4.9 percent Tuesday. The yield on Italy's benchmark government bond rose sharply, to 4.83 percent from 4.43 percent the day before, as investors sold them. That's still far below the 7 percent the yield traded at in January 2012, when confidence in Italy's finances was far lower. The euro was little changed against the dollar.

Other European indexes also fell, but not as much. Stocks fell 2.3 percent in Germany, 2.7 percent in France, and 1.3 percent in Britain.

In U.S. government bond trading, the yield on the 10-year Treasury note, which moves inversely to prices, rose two basis points to 1.88 percent.

Among other companies making big moves Tuesday;

? Tyson Foods fell 86 cents, or 3.7 percent, to $22.40 after it said that its fiscal second quarter has been tougher than expected because of lower margins in its beef and pork divisions. The nation's biggest meat company said it's still optimistic about its full-year results.

? Oneok fell $1.86, or 4 percent, to $44.34 after the natural gas company cut its distribution growth forecast for the next three years, citing expectations of lower sales volumes and prices of natural gas liquids.

? Martha Stewart Living Omnimedia fell 16 cents, or 5.3 percent, to $2.85 after the company said its fourth-quarter net income slid 74 percent as it continues to struggle with weak results at its publishing and broadcasting divisions.

? Macy's rose $1.33, or 3.5 percent, to $39.85 after its results beat analysts' forecasts.

____

AP Business Writer Bernard Condon contributed to the report.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/home-depot-leads-dow-average-higher-174228560--finance.html

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Calgary's Olympic venues stand the test of time | Metro

Many Olympic sports require specialized facilities that, after the games are over, often fall into disrepair or are dismantled altogether.

Calgary, however, has managed to not only maintain most of the venues it built for the 1988 Winter Games but expand on them, too.

?The facilities here are not only still relevant, they?re flourishing,? said Dale Oviatt, communications director for Winsport, which operates the ski hill, sliding tracks, ski jumps and ice surfaces at Canada Olympic Park.

?When you look at some of the previous countries that have hosted Winter Olympics,? Oviatt added, ?their venues are no longer used for what they were intended for, or they?re completely shut down.?

By comparison, COP still hosts World Cup luge, bobsled, and skeleton events, as well as freestyle ski and snowboard competitions. The same facilities are also regularly used for public recreation.

The national ski jumping team still trains on COP?s smaller ski jumps, and while the largest jump is no longer in use, Oviatt said it?s largely because athletes? ability and equipment has advanced so much the jump would need to be retrofitted for safety.

?They would pretty much almost land on the Trans-Canada Highway,? Oviatt said.

The Olympic Oval at the University of Calgary, meanwhile, has not only remained a hub for competition and training ? and become known for being ?the fastest ice in the world? ? but has also grown into a centre for sporting excellence, in general.

?This building, connected with the sport medicine centre, Canadian Sport Centre Calgary, and the research the laboratories at the university, has created one of the greatest training environments you will find in any country, in any city in the world,? said Roger Jackson, who served as CEO of Own The Podium 2010. ?You just cannot put together what we have put together on the campus for high-performance sport.?

Two-time Olympic gold medalist Catriona Le May Doan recalled dreaming of a facility like the Oval as an aspiring young speed skater in Saskatchewan, but thinking it would never become a reality.

?Back in Saskatoon, I remember seeing the models of this oval and thinking, ?That would never, ever happen,?? she said. ?And yet, it did happen. And it happened because of these ?88 games.?

Tale of two Ovals:

  • In the past 25 years, a total of 287 world records have been set at Calgary?s Olympic Oval in long-track and short-track speed skating.
  • Meanwhile, the Richmond Olympic Oval, built for the 2010 Winter Games in Vancouver, is no longer used for speed skating and has been criticized by some for being a ?money pit.?

Source: http://metronews.ca/features/calgarys-olympic-moment/572537/calgarys-olympic-venues-stand-the-test-of-time/

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Monday, February 25, 2013

Will Oscar host Seth MacFarlane be asked back? Probably not.

Seth MacFarlane's Oscar hosting gig, full of low-brow and sexist jokes, received mixed reviews. The Academy struggles to reach a younger audience and remain a family-friendly show.

By Gloria Goodale,?Staff writer / February 25, 2013

Oscar host Seth MacFarlane speaks on stage at the 85th Academy Awards in Hollywood, Calif, on Sunday. After a performance full of sexist and racist jokes, viewers wonder if he will be asked to host again.

Mario Anzuoni/Reuters

Enlarge

As Oscar host Seth MacFarlane is surely learning Monday, helming the annual awards ceremony dwarfs all other challenges. Rescue hostages from under the nose of armed revolutionaries? Piece of cake! Free American slaves amidst a young nation?s bloody civil war? In my sleep!

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But host a three-hour industry telecast to the satisfaction of a global audience of a billion and counting? The faint-hearted need not apply.

Mr. MacFarlane, the creator of Fox?s ?Family Guy,? has been criticized for making sexist, racist, homophobic, and anti-Semitic jokes (does this miss any groups?) as well as general bad taste and lousy clock control (the show ran until midnight EST, a half hour over schedule).

But pop culture audiences seem to be as divided as political ones. According to Fizziology, a social media research firm, 13 percent of Facebook and Twitter users discussing the show ranked MacFarlane as ?the best host ever.? And early Nielsen ratings show the broadcast up nearly 20 percent over the 2012 show with some 37 million US viewers.

But there is one question that all Oscar viewers are asking: Will he be back?

Not if the Academy is a tad more careful next time, suggests Thelma Adams, Yahoo! Movies contributing editor. The ?central conundrum? is having a show that remains true to its film industry audience.

?Watch an episode of ?Family Guy? and you?ll know it?s not a good match for Hollywood honchos sitting in stiff chairs in tuxes and tiaras,? she says. The first thing to acknowledge is that the audience inside the Dolby Theater, where the show is held in Hollywood, ?is a tough and tense crowd.?

There are several groups on whom MacFarlane?s humor was wasted.

Gwendolyn Foster, a film professor at University of Nebraska at Lincoln, says her female students were ?appalled? at what they consider MacFarlane?s outdated and sexist routines.

?Everyone agrees it was like watching an old sexist 'Dating Game' episode,? she says via e-mail. ?Seth McFarlane was as smarmy as the host of the 'Dating Game,' which is perfect because the Dating Game, if memory serves me, was on during the Vietnam War, when many Americans preferred to bury their heads in the sand and pretend the war was not happening, or pretend the war was a good thing.?

The Anti-Defamation League (ADL) issued its own rebuke of MacFarlane?s bit in the guise of his animated Teddy Bear persona, the main character in his 2012 film, ?Ted.??A computer-animated Ted, presenting with actor Mark Wahlberg, made the joke that Jews controlled Hollywood, and that being Jewish was required to work in the industry. "I was born Theodore Shapiro and I would like to donate to Israel and continue to work in Hollywood forever," he said.

Source: http://rss.csmonitor.com/~r/feeds/csm/~3/ug_UN9uJq9g/Will-Oscar-host-Seth-MacFarlane-be-asked-back-Probably-not

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Home improvements pay off at tax time - The Salt Lake Tribune

Some federal tax credits from some energy-efficient home improvements and other energy saving measures have been extended. Websites offer detailed information for homeowners and builders. Here?s a sampling:

Air-Conditioning, Heating and Refrigeration Institute ? Spotlights specific federal tax credit amounts for changes made to residential HVAC, water heaters, home gas and oil, at http://bit.ly/UflvvX.

Alliance to Save Energy ? Offers background and details on energy-efficient tax credits for 2012, at http://bit.ly/UUowk0.

Energy Star ? Click on "Tax Credits for Energy Efficiency" near the bottom of the page to learn about different tax credits, at http://www.energystar.gov.

U.S. Department of Energy ? Provides energy saving tax credits for various programs under "Savings" section, at http://www.energy.gov/taxbreaks.htm.


Copyright 2013 The Salt Lake Tribune. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

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See more about comments here.

Source: http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/money/55832826-79/energy-tax-credits-http.html.csp

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Looming federal budget cuts could hurt in Utah | The Salt Lake Tribune

Washington ? Once again, the federal government is approaching a fiscal disaster, and this time it could cost Utah millions in revenue, force thousands to take furloughs and possibly reverse or slow any economic recovery the state has seen in recent months.

D?j? vu, indeed.

?

Top use of federal funds in Utah

$1.357 billion ? Medicaid

$470 million ? Unemployment insurance

$441 million ? Highway planning, construction

$432 million ? Supplemental nutrition assistance (formerly food stamps)

$369 million ? Research and development

$250 million ? Student financial assistance

$157 million ? Special ed

$125 million ? Child nutrition

$4.768 billion ? Total federal funding to state, including universities and colleges

Source: Utah State Auditor?s Office, 2012

The pending crisis is reminiscent of the fiscal cliff fiasco America faced only three months ago but this time it could stick, and it could hurt.

"It?s obviously cause for serious concern," says Natalie Gochnour, chief economist of the Salt Lake Chamber of Commerce. "We are a very federally dependent state and that stems from our long established defense industry in our state, [that] we?re a public-lands state and we have the IRS facility in Ogden and other centers of federal workers."

Come Friday, the federal government will be forced to pare down spending until Congress acts otherwise. The automatic, across-the-board cuts include: $42.7 billion for defense, $28.7 billion in domestic programs, $9.9 billion in Medicare cuts and $4 billion in other mandatory cuts, according to the Congressional Budget Office.

Close to home, Utah is looking at potentially millions in cuts, especially at Hill Air Force Base where civilian workers would be forced to take furloughs one day a week for 22 weeks. And that?s in addition to other potential cuts to contracting and purchasing.

The IRS employs 4,100 workers in Utah, many at its Ogden office, and most could face potential furloughs as well. An IRS spokesman declined to comment on the impact.

The Federal Aviation Administration says it may have to close the air traffic control facilities at the Ogden-Hinckley and Provo Municipal airports.

Lines at the Salt Lake International Airport could get stretch out longer as the Transportation Security Administration reduces staffing because of the cuts. Reductions at NASA could hit Utah?s gross state output by $100,000 or more.

Visitors to Utah?s five national parks, as well as monuments, could see fewer rangers, shuttered campsites and hiking areas as well as shorter hours for visitor centers. The Interior Department estimates some 300 onshore oil and gas leases wouldn?t be issued in the West, including Utah. Counties with large public land areas ? many in Utah ? could see a $1.9 million slash in the federal payment-in-lieu-of-taxes check.

story continues below

The Environmental Protection Agency warns it may have to reduce funding to air quality monitoring operations, likely leading to the shutdown of some sites.

Utah?s universities could see some $26 million in cuts for federal research and development. Head Start in Utah could take a $3.5 million hit.

The state?s public schools could see $6.8 million less in Title I grants and another $6.1 million bite out of special education programs, according to Democrats on the House Appropriations Committee.

"Clearly, if sequestration is allowed to be put into place with whatever percentage, there would be a reduction in federal dollars available, which could impact programs and may affect staffing to some degree," says Bruce Williams, assistant superintendent for business and operations at the Utah State Office of Education.

Williams says the budget impacts may be delayed for Utah schools until after June 30, the end of the state budget year, but there?s "no doubt about it" that if the budget cuts continue, the effect would be felt, especially with low-income schools.

State officials expect to have updated numbers Monday on how much their budgets will be impacted by the automatic cuts, known as sequestration.

Senate Rules Committee Chairman John Valentine estimated last week a cut of $40 million in direct federal funds, though he said the state could fill that hole.

"If you live by federal funds, you die by federal funds," Valentine said. "We would have to make adjustments. And it would have some hurt, but we could make those adjustments."

Added Sen. Jerry Stevenson, "It?s like having a bad tooth pulled."

Not for some of the nearly 30,000 federal workers in the state, some of whom could see smaller paychecks.

Next Page >

Copyright 2013 The Salt Lake Tribune. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed.

Source: http://www.sltrib.com/sltrib/politics/55882150-90/automatic-billion-budget-congress.html.csp

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Sunday, February 24, 2013

Researchers devise new image sensor that could meld screens with cameras

http://www.engadget.com/2013/02/24/researchers-transparent-flexible-image-sensor-screen-camera/

CCD sensors have long ruled the digital imaging roost, but a team of researchers at Johannes Kepler University in Linz, Austria have concocted flat, flexible and transparent image sensors that could eventually change things up. Made from a flexible polymer film suffused with fluorescent particles, the prototypes catch only a specific wavelength of light and shoot it to an array of sensors that surround the sheet's edge. At that point, the rig calculates where light entered the polymer by measuring how much it has diminished during its travel time, and then composes an image from that data. It's said the process is similar to how a CT scan functions, but uses visible light instead of X-rays. Not only is the membrane relatively inexpensive and potentially disposable, but the solution is a world's first, to boot. "To our knowledge, we are the first to present an image sensor that is fully transparent - no integrated microstructures, such as circuits - and is flexible and scalable at the same time," said Oliver Bimber, co-author of the group's paper.

As of now, the setup only snaps black and white images with a resolution of 32 x 32 pixels, but there are plans to boost its fidelity by leveraging higher quality photodiodes (or even composite photos). Also, color photographs could be achieved by using several sheets that capture different hues of light. So, what's this all mean for practical applications? Researchers believe its prime use lies in layering the film on TV screens and other displays to offer gesture controls without pesky, additional cameras. In addition, objects can be imbued with sensor capabilities if wrapped with the layer, and even CCD's could benefit from having a slice of the polymer slapped on them to take photos at different exposures. Hit the second source link for the scientific nitty-gritty, or head past the break for a glimpse at the setup's photos.

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Comments

Via: Gizmodo

Source: The Optical Society, Optics InfoBase

Source: http://feeds.engadget.com/~r/weblogsinc/engadget/~3/8vl2RinzI7w/

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Wedding Vows, Marriage Vows

Wedding Vows, Marriage VowsClick Image To Visit SiteIn this day and age it is more and more common for the couple-to-be to actually participate in writing their own wedding vows. There is no better way to express your true feelings for your partner than to put together the perfect words for that unforgettable moment.

If you want to skyrocket your confidence, save valuable time, and feel confident in delivering memorable and ever-lasting wedding vows, then this is the most important letter you?ll ever read.

My ?Instant Wedding Vows Package? gives you everything that you need to deliver a warm hearted, sentimental, and well-thought wedding vow.

The lifelong commitment you are making to your partner is a honorable one. If you want your ceremony to be unique and special, then you need to prepare the perfect words for your vows.

The challenge is that it can be a hard and scary thing to try and do. This may be your first marriage or it may be your second or even third. That?s okay. It can be an overwhelming feeling when trying to write your own wedding vows for anybody.

It?s normal for anyone of us to feel unsure about what to write and say when exchanging wedding vows. However, when you own this instant wedding vow package you?ll have over 99 pre-written, ready-to-use, time-tested wedding vows to choose from. They?ll give you confidence by knowing you have the right words to say. You see?this package is different than what other companies give you. Other companies just give you a template or outline. The problem with that is that you still have to do ALL the work by filling in all of the blanks. You still generate the speech from your thoughts, your words, your writing, and YOUR time! Another? Read more?

Source: http://toreadnow.com/wedding-vows-marriage-vows/

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Afternoon Sabbatical: Dr. Steve Nolt, lecturer in Goshen College Music Center on Mar 12, 2013

  • Posted in: Concerts
  • on September 25, 2012

The Amish Way: Patient Faith in a Perilous World ? Dr. Steve Nolt, Goshen College Professor of History ? Many people recognize the outward expressions of Amish life, such as the buggies and bonnets, but are less familiar with the faith that sustains these practices. Nolt will shed light on the spirituality ? the religious heartbeat ? of our Amish neighbors, and ask what their religious practices might say to the rest of us.

Admission is free.

Source: http://gcmusiccenter.org/2012/09/afternoon-sabbatical-dr-steve-nolt-lecturer-on-mar-12-2013/

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Friday, February 22, 2013

A look at South Africa's justice system

PRETORIA, South Africa (AP) -- A look at the justice system in South Africa and what Oscar Pistorius faces after the double-amputee Olympic athlete was charged with premeditated murder in the Feb. 14 shooting death of his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp:

---

THE BAIL HEARING

The bail hearing in the Pistorius case represents a mini-trial to determine if he will remain in custody until a trial or can be freed with conditions. Defense lawyers offered written statements from the athlete and his friends to state their case. By offering the affidavits, the defense was able to enter the evidence without having to put their emotional client, who has broken down weeping a number of times in court, on the stand. Prosecutors offered their own version of events and called the lead police investigator, Detective Warrant Officer Hilton Botha, to give testimony. But by putting Botha on the stand, they opened him up to detailed cross-examination by Pistorius' lead defense lawyer, Barry Roux. Botha has since been dropped from the case.

---

DECIDING BAIL

Pistorius faces the harshest bail requirements in South African law after the judge agreed with the prosecution's premeditated murder charge for the purposes of bail. Pistorius' lawyers must prove there is an "exceptional" reason to have him freed before trial. They also have to show that he doesn't represent a flight risk, that he will not intimidate witnesses and that he won't commit acts of violence or encourage others to do so. If Chief Magistrate Desmond Nair decides Pistorius might violate any of those terms, he can order him held until trial. If bail is denied, Pistorius can immediately appeal to a higher court. Pistorius is currently being held in Pretoria's Brooklyn police station, but those denied bail typically go to a prison.

---

JUSTICE IN SOUTH AFRICA

South Africa is one of just a few countries in the world that that has a court system that takes root in Roman-Dutch law. Because of this, those appearing in criminal trials do not have the option of a jury trial, which is common in the United States and other countries. Instead, a single judge will hear the entire case and then rule on a person's guilt or innocence. The judge can be assisted by two advisers during the trial. Those advisers generally offer assistance in looking at the more technical aspects of the evidence given at trial. If found guilty, a person can later appeal the ruling or the sentence they receive.

---

THE PENALTIES

Premeditated murder, which Pistorius is charged with, can carry a sentence of life in prison. There is no death penalty in South Africa. A lesser murder charge carries a sentence of 15 years to life. Pistorius could still see his charge downgraded to culpable homicide, meaning that he unintentionally killed Steenkamp, which is what he claims. A conviction on that charge carries much less time in prison.

Source: http://hosted.ap.org/dynamic/stories/O/OLY_PISTORIUS_SHOOTING_SOUTH_AFRICAN_JUSTICE?SITE=KGO&SECTION=HOME&TEMPLATE=DEFAULT

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On forced cuts, it's Groundhog Day (CNN)

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Source: http://news.feedzilla.com/en_us/stories/politics/top-stories/286547598?client_source=feed&format=rss

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Dedicated teacher nominated for education award after setting up charity to help pupils secure jobs and work placements

PAT KIRBY, who teaches at Wallace Hall Academy in Thornhill, Dumfries, has been nominated for a lifetime achievement award by her head teacher.

Pat Kirby a teacher at Wallace Hall Academy Thornhill near Dumfries
Pat Kirby a teacher at Wallace Hall Academy Thornhill near Dumfries

Jim McEwan

SHE'S one of Scotland?s most dedicated teachers, whose commitment to learning goes much further than the classroom.

Pat Kirby set up a charity to secure jobs and work experience for her pupils.

Since founding the Queensberry Initiative three years ago, Pat now has more than 90 firms on board and has also helped get funding to secure the project?s future.

Pat, who teaches at Wallace Hall Academy in Thornhill, Dumfries, said: ?We want to provide the best possible chance of employment for our pupils. To do this, we work in partnership with farmers, country estates, colleges and universities to find the best possible way forward for our pupils when they leave school.?

Pat has also managed to secure funding for a minibus, which takes the children to their activities and is also offered to the wider community on a non-profit basis.

She said: ?I?ve been so thrilled with how well the charity has been received.?

As well as helping pupils into work, the scheme also employs two members of staff.

Pat?s latest venture is the establishment of a community orchard, which is led by a board of pupils working in association with local business advisers to run the growing enterprise.

Away from her first love of teaching, Pat, of Dumfries, has also shown a devotion to the overall welfare of her pupils.

She took up her first guidance post in 1992 and quickly established an open-door policy, where children who came to her were given advice and a caring shoulder to lean on.

Pat said: ?I?ve always liked to try to work with the ethos that there is much more to the job than the subject we teach.?

Tireless work and a selfless approach are just two of the reasons Pat, who has worked at the school for 22 years, has been nominated for a lifetime achievement gong at the Education Awards, in association with the Daily Record.

She said: ?To be nominated is an incredible achievement and one that I am very proud of.?

And Pat?s commitment does not finish when the school bell rings at the end of the day.

She is a founder member of Let?s Talk, a teacher stress counselling service, as well as being a member of the local Credit Union.

Despite shouldering all of this extra responsibility, she is still hailed by colleagues and pupils, past and present, as an outstanding teacher.

Pat retires in September and was nominated for the award by her head teacher Barry Graham.

Barry said: ?Pat?s extensive achievements will endure but there are many achievements still to come ? it would be fitting if this award was one of them.?

Awards up for grabs

Active Nation Award

Education Supporter of the Year

Enterprise and Employability Across Learning Award (Secondary)

Global Citizenship Award

Health and Wellbeing?Award

Lifetime Achievement

Numeracy Across Learning?Award

Probationary Teacher of the Year

Teacher of the Year

Aiming High Award

Enterprise and Employability Across Learning Award (Primary)

Gaelic Awareness Award

Head Teacher of the Year

Learning Through Technology

Literacy Across Learning Award

Parents as Partners in Learning Award

Sustainable Schools Award

? If you would like to nominate someone in one of?the categories, visit the website at www.scottisheducationawards.org.uk

? Nominations close at midnight tonight. The event will take place on June 10.

Source: http://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/news/scottish-news/dedicated-teacher-nominated-education-award-1724158

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Friday, February 15, 2013

Low-protein diet slows Alzheimer's in mice

Feb. 14, 2013 ? Mice with many of the pathologies of Alzheimer's Disease showed fewer signs of the disease when given a protein-restricted diet supplemented with specific amino acids every other week for four months.

Mice at advanced stages of the disease were put on the new diet. They showed improved cognitive abilities over their non-dieting peers when their memory was tested using mazes. In addition, fewer of their neurons contained abnormal levels of a damaged protein, called "tau," which accumulates in the brains of Alzheimer's patients.

Dietary protein is the major dietary regulator of a growth hormone known as IGF-1, which has been associated with aging and diseases in mice and several diseases in older adults.

Upcoming studies by USC Professor Valter Longo, the study's corresponding author, will attempt to determine whether humans respond similarly -- while simultaneously examining the effects of dietary restrictions on cancer, diabetes and cardiac disease.

"We had previously shown that humans deficient in Growth Hormone receptor and IGF-I displayed reduced incidence of cancer and diabetes. Although the new study is in mice, it raises the possibility that low protein intake and low IGF-I may also protect from age-dependent neurodegeneration," said Longo, who directs the Longevity Institute of the USC Davis School of Gerontology and has a joint appointment the USC Dornsife College of Letters, Arts and Sciences.

Longo worked with Pinchas Cohen, dean of the USC Davis School, as well as USC graduate students Edoardo Parrella, Tom Maxim, Lu Zhang, Junxiang Wan and Min Wei; Francesca Maialetti of the Istituto Superiore di Sanit? in Rome; and Luigi Fontana of Washington University in St. Louis.

"Alzheimer's Disease and other forms of neurodegeneration are a major burden on society, and it is a rising priority for this nation to develop new approaches for preventing and treating these conditions, since the frequencies of these disorders will be rising as the population ages over the next several decades," said Cohen, who became dean of the School of Gerontology in summer 2012. "New strategies to address this, particularly non-invasive, non-pharmacological approaches such as tested in Dr. Longo's study are particularly exciting."

The results of their study were published online by Aging Cell last month.

The team found that a protein-restricted diet reduced levels of IGF-1 circulating through the body by 30 to 70 percent, and caused an eight-fold increase in a protein that blocks IGF-1's effects by binding to it.

IGF-1 helps the body grow during youth but is also associated with several diseases later in life in both mice and humans. Exploring dietary solutions to those diseases as opposed to generating pharmaceuticals to manipulate IGF-1 directly allows Longo's team to make strides that could help sufferers today or in the next few years.

"We always try to do things for people who have the problem now," Longo said. "Developing a drug can take 15 years of trials and a billion dollars.

"Although only clinical trials can determine whether the protein-restricted diet is effective and safe in humans with cognitive impairment, a doctor could read this study today and, if his or her patient did not have any other viable options, could consider introducing the protein restriction cycles in the treatment -- understanding that effective interventions in mice may not translate into effective human therapies," he said.

Many elderly individuals may have already be frail, have lost weight or may not be healthy enough to eat a protein-restricted diet every other week. Longo strongly insisted that any dieting be monitored by a doctor or registered dietician to make sure that patients do not become amino acid deficient, lose additional weight or develop other side effects.

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The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Southern California, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Edoardo Parrella, Tom Maxim, Francesca Maialetti, Lu Zhang, Junxiang Wan, Min Wei, Pinchas Cohen, Luigi Fontana, Valter D. Longo. Protein restriction cycles reduce IGF-1 and phosphorylated Tau, and improve behavioral performance in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Aging Cell, 2013; DOI: 10.1111/acel.12049

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/top_news/~3/XGcbY2MQ0o8/130214111610.htm

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Thursday, February 14, 2013

Human Resources Officer - East London, London - Caterer/UKI0062 ...

Human Resources Officer

Salary:?Competitive
Location:?East London, London
Employer Type:?Hotel
Recruiter:?Marriott
Job Reference:?Caterer/UKI0062-6
Date Posted:?13/02/2013 18:01:42
Contact:?

Job Description
Please note that this is a full time position based at the London Marriott West India Quay Hotel and Executive Apartments. A fantastic opportunity has arisen for an experienced HR Co-ordinator looking to further progress their career within Human Resources! Reporting to the Director of HR, the HR Officer will provide a comprehensive and confidential Human Resource service to the hotel to support achievement of the business goals and strategies whilst developing and maintaining positive internal and external customer relationships with Associates and Managers.

Requirements
Candidates must have valid permission to live and work in the United Kingdom; verification of documentation will be undertaken as part of the recruitment process.

Skills and Knowledge . Strong communication skills (verbal, listening, writing). Good problem solving, decision making and influencing skills. Good knowledge of HR procedures and labour law. Good organisation and efficient, able to manage varying needs and prioritizing to
ensure best business results. Effective conflict and performance management skills. Ability to build and maintain relationships with associates, customers and vendors . Assist with the development of internal talent . Knowledge of Oracle, BlueCube, HRMS PeopleSoft and Microsoft Office

Responsibilities
Working in partnership with the Director of Human Resources to support strategies and conducts activities to drive and continuously improve financial results, guest satisfaction, human capital index and market share.. Recruitment: Oversees the non management hiring process to attract, select and retain a diverse workforce. Utilizes selection processes that identify the best candidates for open positions in a cost effective and efficient manner to meet the business needs of the operation.. Total Compensation: Administrates benefit plans for both management and non management associates and supports administration of the compensation plan. Focuses on compliance with Marriott Standard Operating Procedures and providing excellent service to enhance associate satisfaction.. Training and Development: Assists with the coordination and delivery of management and non management training programs such as new hire orientation, service and job skills training, compliance and safety training to ensure business success. . Associate Relations: Performs activities to help create and sustain a work environment that focuses on fair and equitable treatment and associate satisfaction to enable business success.. Human Resources- Department Focus: Participates in the hiring, development and retention of a diverse workforce to deliver excellent products and services. Sustains a work environment that focuses on fair and equitable treatment and associate satisfaction to enable business success.. Loss Prevention: Partners with Loss Prevention to ensure a safe and secure work environment and administer an effective workers' compensation program. Focuses on reducing the frequency and severity of accidents. Ensures compliance with all regulatory reporting requirements.

Benefits Package
"If we take care of our associates, they will take care of our guests"At Marriott, we want you to enjoy working with us, both at work and during your leisure time.Here are just a few of the benefits that we offer our associates: Discounted Marriott Hotel accommodation worldwide for you, your family and friends Career training and development Competitive annual vacation entitlement Free meals at work Uniforms provided and dry cleaned Recognition awards Fantastic company Pension Life Assurance Performance Related Pay Selected Canary Wharf business discounts Eye care and Childcare vouchers Local Marriott food and beverage discounts (50% off)

Marriott International is an equal opportunity employer committed to hiring a diverse workforce and sustaining an inclusive culture.

Source: http://www.caterer.com/JobSeeking/Human-Resources-Officer_job55771850

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The Latest Real Estate Buzzwords - Mint

Top Real Esate Buzzwords

Winter is considered ?off season? in the?real estate?world, but that doesn?t mean that?buyers?aren?t still out there.

Even in December, when everybody was busy racing around to get ready for the holidays, the number of home sales ? including existing homes,?foreclosure?resales and new home sales ? was?8.7 percent?higher than in the same month in 2011.

One way to make your home stand out from others during the winter doldrums is to choose words that jump out at potential home buyers when they?re searching through real estate listings.

Desirable features vary depending on price and city, but there are a few universally golden terms at the moment.?Daniel Beer, a?real estate agent?and marketing expert in?San Diego, says ?open floor plan? and ?downstairs master? are popular?features everywhere.

?A downstairs master bedroom has long been standard in luxury homes,? Beer said. ?But now that requirement has moved down into the middle market, and?home builders?are responding.?

He says this is especially true among aging baby boomers, who are now focusing on smaller homes with fewer levels and fewer, if any, stairs.

Similarly, the ?walkability? of a neighborhood is rising in stature. Green terms such as ?solar? and ?energy efficient? are red hot. ?Low HOA fee? continues to be a popular term in listings all over the U.S. because an?estimated?63.4 million ??and counting ??Americans live under the governance of homeowners associations.

On a more local level, the term ?No Mello-Roos? is a welcome phrase in California because it means that a particular property is not subject to a special property tax that?s often levied in newer communities to pay for parks, roads and other infrastructure.

In coastal Southern California ?new construction? jumps out because there is currently so little of it while demand is strong.

Seeing the light

?Light and bright? or words to that effect are huge in?Manhattan. ?I can?t stress enough how important lighting is in?New York,? Leslie Lazarus, an agent with?DJK Residential, told the?Wall Street Journal.

Lighting isn?t as important, of course, in a fair-weather city such as?Miami, but a ?sunny breakfast room? or nook seems to appeal to people everywhere.

Being as specific as possible with adjectives tends to result in higher sale prices, according to the?National Bureau of Economic Research. Instead of ?wood floors,? for example, say ?oak floors.?

How about ?stainless? and ?granite?? Not so hot anymore or even necessary: Those are givens these days if you?ve noted that your kitchen has been ?updated,? says Beer, who pointed out that ?updated? is a word that always gets attention.

Stainless may not be king much longer anyway, according to Beer. A current hot buzzword in design material, he says, is ?Caesarstone,? which is high-quality quartz.

Dropping high-end appliance brand names continues to be an effective ?look-at-me!? lure. The biggies are still Sub-Zero, Viking, Bosch and G.E. Monogram, and ?anybody considered a chef will demand a kitchen with a Wolf range,? Beer said.

In the bathroom, the coolest brand name is now Toto. ?Actually, it has become the Sub-Zero of the toilet world,??Leonard Steinberg, managing director of?Douglas Elliman?in New York, recently told the?New York Times.

Be cautious with the ?F? word

People tense up when they see the word ?fixer,? and readers often translate the term ?investor,? as in ?investor special,? as ?needs lots of work? (use ?income property? instead, Beer counsels).

?The mood of the market right now is for a ?turn-key? or ?move-in-ready? property,? Beer said.

At times, however, a term like ?needs work? is advantageous. First-time buyers are often looking for a fixer-upper in a desirable neighborhood or coveted school district in which they would otherwise be priced out.

Buyers are often put off by hardcore sales lingo such as ?Hurry, won?t last!? Some phrases have been so overused that they now put buyers to sleep.

?Gourmet kitchen? and ?luxury bath? are also in that category. And the word ?rare? is anything but rare in real estate listings ? ?rare jewel,? ?rare opportunity.?

Be careful with vague superlatives, too. Some people believe ?charming? means ?small.? Others consider ?classic? a euphemism for ?completely out of date.?

Finally,?Laura Lothian, a?Pacific Sotheby?s agent in?La Mesa, CA, says she has seen the words ?open house? more and more frequently in listings all over the U.S.

?It?s a trend I love,? she said. ?People are having more open houses, and those open houses are attracting bigger crowds.?

She speculates that there are two reasons behind this trend. Most real estate photos are now taken by professional photographers, she says, so photos are looking more and more alike.

Images can be easily ?enhanced,? so people want to get a more realistic look at a place with the electric wires in place and without a Technicolor blue sky.

The second reason open houses are increasing in popularity, Lothian believes, is that people are getting antsy about spending so much of their social lives online in places such as Facebook. ?They want to connect with real flesh!?

??The Latest Real Estate Buzzwords? was provided by Zillow.com.

Source: http://www.mint.com/blog/housing/the-latest-real-estate-buzzwords-0213/

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Britain's LUX Assure to transform into service provider for oil and gas industry

EBR Staff Writer
Published 14 February 2013

UK-based technology business LUX Assure has received ?3.25m to transform itself from a technology development business into a service provider for the oil and gas industry.

The latest investment is provided by Statoil Technology Invest, ConocoPhillips, Archangel Informal Investment, and the Scottish Investment Bank, a division of Scottish Enterprise.

Upon transforming the business, the products CoMic and OMMICA will form the core of the company in providing services to the industry.

LUX Assure's CoMic is used to deliver improved corrosion management by enabling maximum utilization of chemicals used for corrosion protection. OMMICA is a simple method used to monitor hydrate inhibitors.

LUX Assure chairman Laurence Ormerod said the investment will help the company gain on the excellent chemical monitoring products developed by the company.

"CoMic? and OMMICA? products have been very well received by the industry so this seems to be an appropriate time to dedicate the company to growing sales, both within the UK and overseas," Ormerod added.

"We are delighted to have ConocoPhillips and Statoil as new shareholders."

Every year, corrosion management costs millions of dollars to the oil companies.

Source: http://explorationanddevelopment.energy-business-review.com/news/britains-lux-assure-to-transform-into-service-provider-for-oil-and-gas-industry-130213

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Wednesday, February 13, 2013

Florida State's inaugural Match Up introduces unique format

Few college coaches kick tradition when it?s time to host an event. It?s why Florida State?s tournament could be a breath of fresh air.

The field

Florida State/Texas A&M

Oklahoma/Georgia

Notre Dame/Michigan

Tennessee/Texas San Antonio

Furman/Kansas

UNC Greensboro/UNC Wilmington

Third-year Florida State coach Amy Bond decided more than a year ago that she wanted to create a different kind of event, but she wasn?t sure exactly what the format would be. She had commitments by the summer of 2012, but it wasn?t until a recruiting trip to Europe later that summer that she created what would become known as the Match Up. t will be played Feb. 15-17 at Southwood Golf Club in Tallahassee, Fla.

Bond was having a conversation with a handful of colleagues and decided on a count-five format that would make every stroke matter.

The Match Up will feature 12 teams, and each team has a partner (Bond originally sent invitations to five teams, and allowed each to choose its own partner). Partner teams will be paired together for the first two rounds, and players will play in twosomes. Pairings will be reshuffled for the final round.

Of the 10 players on each team, only five scores will count ? the best four and the worst score.

?In this kind of format, they better be fighting for every last shot,? Bond said. It provides extra motivation for the No. 4 and 5 players on a team, because everyone will know who shot the highest score.

Originally, Bond had planned to have teams made up of in-state rivals paired together. In a few states, however, schools aren?t allowed to do that. It?s why Bond decided to let teams to choose their own partners. It allows teams to be paired with teams they might not otherwise see during the regular season.

?It?s been very well received,? Bond said of the event.

Bond will present three trophies at the Match Up: one to the individual winner, one to the single team winner in the traditional play-five-count-four format and one to the pair of teams with the lowest match-up score.

?We?re doing a tournament on top of a tournament,? Bond said.

Source: http://golfweek.com/news/2013/feb/13/florida-states-inaugura-match-introduces-unique-fo/

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Paul: GOP Must See 'Immigrants as Assets, Not Liabilities'

Bill Clark/CQ Roll Call

Sen. Rand Paul of Kentucky said Republicans should embrace immigrants to the United States and called for Washington, D.C., to curb spending in his tea party response to President Barack Obama?s State of the Union address.

As talk of immigration overhaul plans bubble to the surface and groups of lawmakers work in both chambers to come up with comprehensive legislation, Paul said Republicans should embrace immigrants.

?We are the party that embraces hard work and ingenuity, therefore we must be the party that embraces the immigrant who wants to come to America for a better future,? he said. ?We must be the party who sees immigrants as assets, not liabilities. We must be the party that says, ?If you want to work, if you want to become an American, we welcome you.?

It is not a new idea from the libertarian-leaning senator, who has said in the past that he supports an eventual path to citizenship for those in the country illegally. But his comments do mark yet another high-profile stage on which immigration policy changes are touted, and they show that such a plan has a serious chance of passing the Senate.

Elsewhere in the speech, Paul touted libertarian principles and charged that Obama exceeds his rights in his use of executive power.

?We will stand up against excessive government power wherever we see it. We cannot and will not allow any president to act as if he were a king,? the Kentucky Republican said. ?We will not let any president use executive orders to impinge on the Second Amendment. We will not tolerate secret lists of American citizens who can be killed without trial.?

Paul tacked most closely to mainstream Republican talking points when speaking about fiscal issues. Budgets and the debt were a focal point of past tea party addresses. Last year?s was delivered by former presidential candidate Herman Cain; Rep. Michele Bachmann of Minnesota delivered the rebuttal in 2011.

Paul called for compromise when it comes to spending cuts, including to both domestic and military spending. He said he will propose a budget that balances in five years.

?Both parties have been guilty of spending too much, of protecting their sacred cows, of backroom deals in which everyone up here wins, but every tax payer loses,? Paul said. ?It is time for a new bipartisan consensus. It is time Democrats admit that not every dollar spent on domestic programs is sacred. And it is time Republicans realize that military spending is not immune to waste and fraud.?

On that point, he added, the more than $1 trillion, 10-year cuts known as the sequester agreed to in the Budget Control Act should stand. In fact, Paul said, he would prefer at least $4 trillion in spending cuts.

?If Congress refuses to obey its own rules, if Congress refuses to pass a budget, if Congress refuses to read the bills, then I say: Sweep the place clean. Limit their terms and send them home,? he said.

Source: http://www.rollcall.com/news/paul_gop_must_see_immigrants_as_assets_not_liabilities-222393-1.html

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Lingua Frankly: A letter to the Scottish Parliament...

The Scottish Parliament has a consultation open on teaching languages in the primary school, with a call for views open until this Friday, the 15th.? I've responded, and as is my wont, my response is rather long and heavily opinionated.? Time was I wouldn't have bothered, assuming I'd just be ignored, but I figure there's no harm in trying, so I dedicated a few hours to drafting the letter that I've included below, for readers' reference.

I am currently working as an English teacher in a French university, and have long term plans to be a teacher of languages when I return to Scotland.

I feel the final question in the call for comments is a dangerous question, in that it inadvertantly presupposes a particular policy:

  • The role of languages in economic development ? what languages should children be learning to benefit their future careers, and to help Scotland flourish economically?
There are two assumed features of the policy to be adopted:
  1. that the languages should be chosen for reasons of utility and

  2. that there should be a restricted list of languages.

On the first point, it is very difficult to predict what foreign languages, if any, will rise to prominence in the next twenty years; and regardless, current evidence shows that the only single language linked to international economic success is English. Attempting to find a utility measure for languages at the school level is therefore a distraction from the main goal of improving language provision.

On the second point, we risk robbing ourselves of the best possible resources we have to hand. The population of teachers in Scotland is very broad and varied, and while most are Scots-born monolinguals, there are also immigrants from various countries, as well as the second-generation of immigrant families who still retain their ancestral languages in the home. The secondary syllabus has space for Community Languages in addition to Modern Foreign Languages, but the list here is very heavily restricted and the option is not available in a great number of schools.

If we look at the case of Ireland, the policy of universal Irish language teaching is widely regarded as a failure. Teachers with no real command of the language cannot teach effectively, and teachers who have no love of the language cannot motivate and enthuse the students.

In order to teach effectively at the primary level, we need teachers who are comfortable and confident in the language they are teaching, and who are teaching out of choice rather than obligation. The level of competence required cannot be achieved with schemes such as Gaelic for Learners in the Primary School. (I would comment that I have heard good feedback from several primary teachers involved in the GLPS scheme, but that at present, teachers in the scheme are a self-selecting minority, all of whom are personally motivated to work with the language. There is no reason to believe that the scheme would continue to be successful if it was imposed on unwilling or unmotivated teachers.)

My belief, therefore, is that language teaching should be encouraged and invested in, but that the choice of language should be entirely at the discretion of the teacher. If the teacher speaks Afrikaans or Aymara, Tongan or Tibetan, the teacher should be free to use that in the class, and not forced to struggle through on pidgin French or Spanish simply because the syllabus demands it.

Opportunities to build language competence in teachers

Around a year ago, I wrote to the ministry suggesting that a special effort should be made in encouraging newly-qualified teachers to take a year abroad in order to reduce the number of teachers completing their probationary year and finding themselves without work. As the provision of languages at primary level has been a goal for many years, this would be a definite career advantage to any candidates taking up such an offer.

In particular, I would draw the committee's attention to the situation in France. I am currently working as a ?lecteur?. This is a junior teaching post for graduates with a minimum 4 years of university education, hence any BEd(hons) or PGDE graduate would fulfill the entry criteria.

The problem faced by most universities is that most candidates for these posts have no knowledge or experience of teaching, so the experience for the students varies considerably from year to year.

It is therefore extremely likely that the proposal of a system which would provide a reliable supply of fully-trained teachers with at least one year of classroom experience would be welcomed by the French universities, even despite differences in class age groups.

I would propose a scheme of the following structure:

  • Fully qualified and registered teachers are recruited for French universities in Scotland.
  • An intensive summer course in teaching English, equivalent to the Cambridge CELTA or Trinity TESOL, is provided for successful candidates.
  • Intensive French lessons would be given to each candidate prior to the beginning of the academic year.
  • The yearly salary would be provided by the host institution.
  • Ongoing language tuition should be made available by the host institution throughout the year.

I would propose the following division of costs:

  • Scottish Government to pay for English-teaching tuition.

  • French Government to provide intensive French tuition.

  • Host universities cover the costs of ongoing tuition.

  • Recruitment costs to be split between Scottish and French governments.

I believe the costs to each body are more than compensated for by the benefits.

The cost to the Scottish Government would likely be no more than the cost of providing equivalent language training alone directly. However, the experience of a year living and working in the language, at no additional cost to the Scottish public purse, would be invaluable to the teachers and hence to the Scottish education system.

France, for its part, would be taking steps to fulfill its current policies on language competence, which stipulate that language is obligatory in almost all higher education, again at no great cost.


The only increase in cost to the host universities would be the marginal cost of ongoing language tuition, which many already offer, and which is a marginal cost against the guarantee of a well-trained, highly motivated classroom teacher, and therefore better pass rates for their students.

The transition from primary to secondary

Having a truly open choice of languages at primary might seem an invitation to disaster at the secondary level, but I would argue the opposite.

Teaching at university level, my students all come from very different backgrounds, hence different high schools. The level of English varies from student to student, and the material they have learned is a result of what has been taught at their various schools. Even though they have had nominally the same education, in practice they are very different. This makes my job extremely difficult, and reduces my value to each individual student.


If the Scottish Government or local councils were to mandate that feeder primaries taught the same languages as used in the secondaries, this would reproduce the issues I currently face in all our secondary schools, as it is inevitable that different primaries would achieve different results with their pupils.

If given the choice between teaching Spanish at high school to a mixed group who had been learning Spanish since P1 at different primary schools, or a mixed group who had learned completely different languages since P1, I would choose the latter. Their previous exposure to language learning would aid them considerably in picking up Spanish, and their shared level of Spanish knowledge (zero) would mean that tasks could be designed and selected that are suitable for all. This is vitally important, because if the tasks are not suitable for all students, it is in practical terms impossible for the teacher to motivate the class, and so there is a real risk that progress in language would be halted at the transition to secondary.

I would therefore suggest that the introduction of a third language at P5 might prove to be counterproductive, and that leaving the third language until secondary would avoid difficult-to-manage mixed-level classes.

In summary, I believe that the choice of language in the primary school should be independent of the local secondary provision and based directly on individual teachers' skills and competencies, and that the best time to introduce a third language is at entry to secondary school, to avoid the situation where classes suffer due to extreme differences in previous knowledge and ability. I believe that we can also leverage the worldwide demand for high quality English teaching to help our primary teachers gain the language competence required to make primary language teaching successful.

Regards,

N?all P. Tracey







Source: http://linguafrankly.blogspot.com/2013/02/a-letter-to-scottish-parliament.html

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Tuesday, February 12, 2013

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Bioshock: Rapture Calling - 1958

Take your part as rapture falls from a sparkling utopia, to a condemned hell hole. (Under Construction)

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